The Predictive Role of Health Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy in Blood Glucose Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes, Health Locus of Control, Self, Efficacy, Blood Glucose Control, Glycemic Management, Psychological PredictorsAbstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the predictive role of health locus of control and self-efficacy in blood glucose control among patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized at Amir al-Momenin Ali Hospital in Zabol, Iran.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes who attended Amir al-Momenin Ali Hospital in Zabol during the second quarter of 2020. The study population consisted of approximately 190 patients, from whom 124 participants (62 men and 62 women) were selected using convenience sampling based on the Morgan table. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale developed by Wallston et al. (1978) and the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Vanderbilt et al. (1999). Blood glucose control served as the criterion variable. Data were analyzed using regression analysis in SPSS software to determine the predictive power of health locus of control and self-efficacy on glycemic control.
Findings: The results of regression analyses indicated that both health locus of control and self-efficacy significantly predicted blood glucose control among patients with type 2 diabetes. The predictive relationships were observed in both male and female participants, demonstrating that individuals with stronger perceptions of control over their health and higher levels of diabetes-related self-efficacy were more likely to achieve better glycemic control. The findings confirmed the study hypotheses and highlighted the significant contribution of psychological variables to explaining variations in blood glucose management among diabetic patients.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that health locus of control and self-efficacy are important psychological predictors of blood glucose control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Strengthening patients’ beliefs in their ability to manage diabetes and enhancing their sense of personal control over health outcomes may improve adherence to self-care behaviors and facilitate better glycemic regulation.
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